Emva kweCovid-19, uRhwebo lweHlabathi yenzekile kolona tshintsho lubalulekileyo. Umbutho woRhwebo lweHlabathi (WTO) usebenza nzima ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukuhamba korhwebo kuthatha ngokukhawuleza, ngakumbi kwicandelo lempahla. Uphononongo lwakutshanje kuvavanyo lwehlabathi lwehlabathi kunye nedatha evela kwiZizwe eziManyeneyo (I-UNCOMATRAME) ibonisa ukuba kukho iimeko ezinomdla kurhwebo lwamanye amazwe, ngakumbi kumasimi ahlukeneyo kunye notshintsho kwimigaqo-nkqubo yezorhwebo neChina.
Uphando lwangaphandle lufumanise ukuba kukho iindlela ezine ezahlukileyo kurhwebo lwehlabathi. Okokuqala, emva kokuthenga okungazange kwenziwe ngaphambili kukuthenga kunye nokukhula kwe-20% ebukhali kwi-2021, impahla yokunxiba inamava okhwala i-2022. Oku kunokubangelwa kukwenza imakethi ye-United States kunye neNtshona Yurophu. Ukongeza, imfuno encitshisiweyo yezixhobo ezifudumeleyo eziyimfuneko kwimveliso yezixhobo zokukhuselwa kobuqu (i-PPE) ikhokelele kwi-4.2% yencipha kwi-202% yokuthoba kwezigidi ezingama-339 zeedola. Eli nani lingaphantsi kwamanye amashishini.
Imeko yesibini kukuba nangona i-china ithengise i-verterm yehlabathi enkulu yehlabathi ngo-2022, njengoko isabelo sentengiso siyaqhubeka nokwehla, abanye abathumela ngaphandle kwexabiso eliphantsi base-Asia. I-Bangladesh igqithile kwi-vietnam kwaye yaba nguMthengi weSibini weSibini seSiseko seZinxibo. Kwi-2022, isabelo sentengiso saseTshayina kwizinto ezithunyelwayo zehlabathi zihle ezi-31.7%, eyona ndawo iphantsi kwimbali yamva nje. Isabelo sayo sentengiso e-United States, i-European Union, eCanada, kwaye iJapan inqabile. Ubudlelwane borhwebo phakathi kweChina kunye ne-United States kuye kwaba yinto ebalulekileyo echaphazela imakethi yezorhwebo yehlabathi.
Imeko yesithathu kukuba amazwe e-EU kunye ne-United States bahlala bengamazwe aphambili kwintengiso yempahla yokunxiba, i-Accounting ye-Akhawuntingi yeThumeni yeHlabathi kwi-2021 ukuya kwi-20.5% ye-520. Nangona kunjalo, amazwe anokutsha eziphakathi ekhula ngokuzinzileyo, kunye neChina, eVietnam, e-Türkiye nase-India ye-Akhawuntingi ye-56.8% yokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe.
Ngokwanda kwathatyathwa ekufumanekeni elunxwemeni, ngakumbi kumazwe asentshona, iimodeli zeNgxelo zeNgingqi kunye neeNdawo zokuThuka kweZinxibo ziye zadityaniswa ngakumbi ngo-2022, ukuba yimodeli yesine ekhulayo. Kunyaka ophelileyo, phantse i-20.8% yendawo eliNgeyo kula mazwe zivela kuloo mmandla, ukunyuka ukusuka kwi-20.1% kunyaka ophelileyo.
Uphando lufumene ukuba kungekuphela nje kumazwe aseNtshona kuphela, kodwa kwanophononongo lwe-2023 lweenkcukacha zorhwebo lwehlabathi ziqinisekisile ukuba kwanakwamazwe aphakamileyo kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe ukunciphisa umngcipheko we-chinen, zonke eziza kukhokelela ekuvusweni. Ngenxa yemfuno engalindelekanga yabathengi evela kumazwe ahlukeneyo echaphazela urhwebo lwehlabathi kunye nemveliso yempahla yempahla yehlabathi kunye nempahla yokunxiba, umzi-mveliso wefashoni uye waziva enesifo sompu.
Umbutho woRhwebo lweHlabathi kunye neminye imibutho yehlabathi zithandazela ngokwazo, ukucaca okuqinisekileyo, kunye namathuba okusebenzisana kwehlabathi kunye notshintsho, njengamanye amazwe amancinci ajoyine kunye namazwe amakhulu kwicandelo lorhwebo.
IXESHA LOKUQALA: UPE-05-2023333